PROBLEM CATALOG

Ten verifiable
mathematical arenas.

Every problem has a JSON certificate format and deterministic verifier; parameterized problems keep a separate record for every n.

P01Geometry

Equal-circle packing in a unit square

Place n equal circles and maximize their common radius.

Instance
n = 1–20
Objective
Maximize common radius
Current record
20 independent records
P02Geometry

Equal-circle packing in a unit circle

Place n non-overlapping equal circles inside the unit circle.

Instance
n = 6
Objective
Maximize common radius
Current record
200000000 × 10⁻⁹
P03Geometry

Heilbronn minimum triangle area

Place n points and maximize the smallest triangle area among all triples.

Instance
n = 6
Objective
Maximize minimum triangle area
Current record
90000000000000000 / (2·10¹⁸)
P04Geometry

Common-scale consecutive rectangle packing

Pack scaled copies of 1×1, 1×2, …, 1×n into the unit square.

Instance
n = 4
Objective
Maximize common scale
Current record
100000000 × 10⁻⁹
P05Grid

Polyominoes in the smallest square

Pack a fixed number of L tetrominoes into the smallest grid square.

Instance
3 L tetrominoes
Objective
Minimize square side
Current record
6
P06Grid

Non-touching polyomino density

Place as many L tetrominoes as possible on a fixed board without even corner contact.

Instance
10 × 10 board
Objective
Maximize copy count
Current record
4
P07Combinatorial optimization · Proven optimal

Constrained Golomb ruler

Make all mark differences distinct while satisfying required and forbidden marks; shorter is better.

Instance
k = 6
Objective
Minimize ruler length
Current record
17
P08Combinatorial optimization

Shortest addition chain

Start from 1; each term is the sum of two earlier terms. Reach the target in as few steps as possible.

Instance
target = 125
Objective
Minimize steps
Current record
11
P09Combinatorial optimization · Tutorial

Graph coloring

Color vertices so adjacent vertices differ, using as few colors as possible.

Instance
5-cycle C₅
Objective
Minimize color count
Current record
3
P10Expressions · Tutorial

Ordered-digit expression

Keep the digits in order, reach the target with a safe expression tree, and minimize operation cost.

Instance
1234 → 10
Objective
Minimize operation cost
Current record
3