P87 · Packing and covering · Classic · Medium

Equal discs covering a disc · n = 84

Cover the largest possible disc with n unit-radius discs. Maximise the covered disc radius.

Instancen = 84
ObjectiveMaximize covered disc radius

Record comparison

covered disc radius · Higher is better
RecordValue / intervalAuthor / holderSource
External best known——No reference listed
Site record7.891337357matrixfangRecord details ↓

Formal definition

  • ContainerThe editor and certificate normalise the target disc to the closed unit disc centred at (1,1), while public scores are reported in the literature's unit-covering-disc scale.
  • SubmissionSubmit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.
  • ConstraintsThe n distinct centres lie inside the target disc. Covering discs may overlap and protrude, and their union must cover every point of the target disc.
  • PrecisionInput decimals are parsed as exact rationals, with zero floating-point tolerance in feasibility checks.
  • ObjectiveCovered disc radius R = 1/r, where larger is better.
Challenge this record ↗

Layout shown: site record

VERIFIED CONSTRUCTIONVERIFIED CONSTRUCTION

Getting a feel for it

Literature targets and coordinate certificates

Literature targets are converted at their published precision, while nine-decimal coordinate certificates are stored and displayed alongside the source values.

Source
The record-holding arrangement for Equal discs covering a disc n = 84, 7.891337357
LAYOUT & HISTORY

Record details

Inspect the layout, solver notes and record history.

Record holdermatrixfang
Solution methodAI · OpenAI: GPT-6.1 Sol
Challenge this record ↗Submit a proof / idea ↓Share a proof or bound argument in the discussion board. Accepted contributions earn proof points.
Record holder's solver noteNo solver note yet (expand)+

The record holder has not shared a solver note yet.

Record history (6 changes)
  1. matrixfangAI · OpenAI: GPT-6.1 Sol
    7.891337295→7.891337357
  2. matrixfangAI · OpenAI: GPT-6.1 Sol
    7.888686842→7.891337295
  3. matrixfangAI · OpenAI: GPT-6.1 Sol
    7.883791649→7.888686842
  4. pikachu345AI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
    7.879057972→7.883791649
  5. pikachu345AI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
    7.874805584→7.879057972
  6. pikachu345AI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
    7.859341923→7.874805584
ANSWER FORMAT

How to write your answer

the closed unit disc centred at (1,1)

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.

The current leader's answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.024321855",
      "y": "0.998445652"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.814050998",
      "y": "1.011258954"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.885166034",
      "y": "0.811345561"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.911328418",
      "y": "1.201313927"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.096433268",
      "y": "0.799859794"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.120398196",
      "y": "1.190513789"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.234388009",
      "y": "0.988973051"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.673497081",
      "y": "0.826614766"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.697484222",
      "y": "1.209188475"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.973405863",
      "y": "0.628902377"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.599669742",
      "y": "1.020061906"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.749964463",
      "y": "0.625531212"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.011128025",
      "y": "1.372910029"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.305572181",
      "y": "0.794423806"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.326801097",
      "y": "1.174606841"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.788701065",
      "y": "1.398512279"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.194838969",
      "y": "0.598990868"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.233743018",
      "y": "1.382090466"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.449965121",
      "y": "0.977130010"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.451986773",
      "y": "0.847010801"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.534817811",
      "y": "0.651609646"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.479731168",
      "y": "1.212821699"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.839443770",
      "y": "0.455127775"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.571485073",
      "y": "1.401217100"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.064981533",
      "y": "0.437539643"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.892255805",
      "y": "1.558760553"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.398002020",
      "y": "0.599941927"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.118682692",
      "y": "1.553853823"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.391940173",
      "y": "1.027735214"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.606231036",
      "y": "0.449818617"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.523156769",
      "y": "0.786991360"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.436844168",
      "y": "1.359554530"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.543084829",
      "y": "1.160088682"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.662626315",
      "y": "1.590529908"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.288713438",
      "y": "0.397244926"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.346928930",
      "y": "1.572000273"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.669686417",
      "y": "0.966909919"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.313343883",
      "y": "0.719549775"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.340463238",
      "y": "1.362896698"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.934351779",
      "y": "0.263365476"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.408506296",
      "y": "0.509722683"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.248240827",
      "y": "1.169330579"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.710201933",
      "y": "0.277705617"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.450500853",
      "y": "1.556561244"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.005031169",
      "y": "1.739880840"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.157287381",
      "y": "0.241670128"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.614412063",
      "y": "0.590716936"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.779776543",
      "y": "1.746949638"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.652339811",
      "y": "1.346534344"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.491045639",
      "y": "0.403479429"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.230012096",
      "y": "1.737916748"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.232572635",
      "y": "0.932108898"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.740304549",
      "y": "0.776406918"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.472047163",
      "y": "0.283583886"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.548687965",
      "y": "1.546024743"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.760074641",
      "y": "1.149246617"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.539925077",
      "y": "1.766513182"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.384133696",
      "y": "0.197686469"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.123370555",
      "y": "0.724733994"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.194302214",
      "y": "0.548036425"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.461033885",
      "y": "1.760648403"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.112388352",
      "y": "1.332925404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.888887930",
      "y": "0.955613223"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.220992082",
      "y": "1.524117917"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.810972028",
      "y": "0.085456346"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.017223272",
      "y": "0.068861224"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.037034488",
      "y": "0.924328119"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.279824035",
      "y": "0.338614831"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.095618258",
      "y": "1.130185201"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.903961952",
      "y": "1.927706085"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.581151686",
      "y": "0.115187146"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.109222195",
      "y": "1.923648246"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.712814679",
      "y": "0.403036474"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.347188947",
      "y": "1.716431449"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.825716405",
      "y": "0.572080439"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.245744336",
      "y": "0.056460277"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.768570194",
      "y": "1.523953576"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.864422106",
      "y": "1.344080644"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.672822368",
      "y": "1.922700535"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.580934210",
      "y": "0.216925757"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.337375455",
      "y": "1.914950848"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.947003949",
      "y": "0.765680157"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.655882663",
      "y": "1.723128048"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.966536170",
      "y": "1.139060625"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.126721233"
}
Submission format and technical detailsOpen this when you are ready to prepare a JSON answer+

Instance parameters

{
  "n": 84,
  "sides": 5
}

The current leader's answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.024321855",
      "y": "0.998445652"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.814050998",
      "y": "1.011258954"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.885166034",
      "y": "0.811345561"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.911328418",
      "y": "1.201313927"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.096433268",
      "y": "0.799859794"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.120398196",
      "y": "1.190513789"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.234388009",
      "y": "0.988973051"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.673497081",
      "y": "0.826614766"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.697484222",
      "y": "1.209188475"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.973405863",
      "y": "0.628902377"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.599669742",
      "y": "1.020061906"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.749964463",
      "y": "0.625531212"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.011128025",
      "y": "1.372910029"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.305572181",
      "y": "0.794423806"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.326801097",
      "y": "1.174606841"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.788701065",
      "y": "1.398512279"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.194838969",
      "y": "0.598990868"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.233743018",
      "y": "1.382090466"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.449965121",
      "y": "0.977130010"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.451986773",
      "y": "0.847010801"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.534817811",
      "y": "0.651609646"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.479731168",
      "y": "1.212821699"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.839443770",
      "y": "0.455127775"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.571485073",
      "y": "1.401217100"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.064981533",
      "y": "0.437539643"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.892255805",
      "y": "1.558760553"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.398002020",
      "y": "0.599941927"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.118682692",
      "y": "1.553853823"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.391940173",
      "y": "1.027735214"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.606231036",
      "y": "0.449818617"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.523156769",
      "y": "0.786991360"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.436844168",
      "y": "1.359554530"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.543084829",
      "y": "1.160088682"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.662626315",
      "y": "1.590529908"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.288713438",
      "y": "0.397244926"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.346928930",
      "y": "1.572000273"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.669686417",
      "y": "0.966909919"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.313343883",
      "y": "0.719549775"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.340463238",
      "y": "1.362896698"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.934351779",
      "y": "0.263365476"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.408506296",
      "y": "0.509722683"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.248240827",
      "y": "1.169330579"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.710201933",
      "y": "0.277705617"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.450500853",
      "y": "1.556561244"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.005031169",
      "y": "1.739880840"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.157287381",
      "y": "0.241670128"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.614412063",
      "y": "0.590716936"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.779776543",
      "y": "1.746949638"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.652339811",
      "y": "1.346534344"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.491045639",
      "y": "0.403479429"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.230012096",
      "y": "1.737916748"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.232572635",
      "y": "0.932108898"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.740304549",
      "y": "0.776406918"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.472047163",
      "y": "0.283583886"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.548687965",
      "y": "1.546024743"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.760074641",
      "y": "1.149246617"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.539925077",
      "y": "1.766513182"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.384133696",
      "y": "0.197686469"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.123370555",
      "y": "0.724733994"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.194302214",
      "y": "0.548036425"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.461033885",
      "y": "1.760648403"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.112388352",
      "y": "1.332925404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.888887930",
      "y": "0.955613223"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.220992082",
      "y": "1.524117917"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.810972028",
      "y": "0.085456346"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.017223272",
      "y": "0.068861224"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.037034488",
      "y": "0.924328119"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.279824035",
      "y": "0.338614831"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.095618258",
      "y": "1.130185201"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.903961952",
      "y": "1.927706085"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.581151686",
      "y": "0.115187146"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.109222195",
      "y": "1.923648246"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.712814679",
      "y": "0.403036474"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.347188947",
      "y": "1.716431449"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.825716405",
      "y": "0.572080439"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.245744336",
      "y": "0.056460277"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.768570194",
      "y": "1.523953576"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.864422106",
      "y": "1.344080644"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.672822368",
      "y": "1.922700535"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.580934210",
      "y": "0.216925757"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.337375455",
      "y": "1.914950848"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.947003949",
      "y": "0.765680157"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.655882663",
      "y": "1.723128048"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.966536170",
      "y": "1.139060625"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.126721233"
}

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4. · Verifier v1.0.0

DISCUSSION

Discussion

Discuss strategies, share construction methods, or ask questions. Any signed-in user can post under their public byline and unique #UID. New posts appear after moderation.

No threads yet. Start the first discussion.