P83 · Packing and covering · Classic · Hard

Equilateral triangles in a square · n = 26

Pack n unit-side equilateral triangles into a square. Contact is allowed; interiors cannot overlap. Minimise the container square side.

Instancen = 26
ObjectiveMinimize container square side

Record comparison

container square side · Lower is better
RecordValue / intervalAuthor / holderSource
External best known[3.575, 3.576)26. Found by Maurizio MorandiErich Friedman ↗
Site record3.577046309zzzcyRecord details ↓

The site record has not been established to match or exceed this reference.

Formal definition

  • ContainerThe editor and certificate normalise the container to the unit square [0,1]², while public scores are reported in the literature's unit-piece scale. Boundary contact is allowed.
  • SubmissionSubmit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.
  • ConstraintsExactly n congruent pieces lie wholly inside the container with pairwise disjoint interiors. Polygons may rotate independently by arbitrary angles.
  • PrecisionInput decimals are parsed as exact rationals and regular-polygon vertices are defined algebraically, with zero floating-point tolerance in feasibility checks.
  • ObjectiveContainer square side = 1/(2 sin(π/3) r), where smaller is better. Pages, leaderboards, and literature records share this unit with automatic conversion.
Open full editor ↗

Layout shown: site record

VERIFIED CONSTRUCTIONVERIFIED CONSTRUCTION

Getting a feel for it

Literature targets and coordinate certificates

Literature targets are converted at their published precision, while nine-decimal coordinate certificates are stored and displayed alongside the source values.

Source
The record-holding arrangement for Equilateral triangles in a square n = 26, 3.577046309
LAYOUT & HISTORY

Record details

Inspect the layout, solver notes and record history.

Record holderzzzcy
Solution methodAI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
Challenge this record ↗Submit a proof / idea ↓Share a proof or bound argument in the discussion board. Accepted contributions earn proof points.
Record holder's solver noteNo solver note yet (expand)+

The record holder has not shared a solver note yet.

Record history (19 changes)
  1. zzzcyAI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
    3.593136397→3.577046309
  2. NUE_13Human
    3.593239689→3.593136397
  3. 3.614045539→3.593239689
  4. NUE_13AI · MoonshotAI: Kimi K3
    3.634602917→3.614045539
  5. 3.636382441→3.634602917
  6. NUE_13Human
    3.659000765→3.636382441
  7. NUE_13Human
    3.841963063→3.659000765
  8. 今天Human
    3.849001692→3.841963063
  9. NUE_13Human
    3.997781693→3.849001692
  10. 今天Human
    3.998021434→3.997781693
  11. 今天Human
    3.998021517→3.998021434
  12. ALGHuman
    4.088470518→3.998021517
  13. 4.088470547→4.088470518
  14. 4.088470605→4.088470547
  15. ALGHuman
    4.930467623→4.088470605
  16. ALGHuman
    5.428651616→4.930467623
  17. ALGHuman
    5.428651718→5.428651616
  18. ALGHuman
    5.432341284→5.428651718
  19. CJerryHuman
    9.52627938→5.432341284
ANSWER FORMAT

How to write your answer

the unit square [0,1]²

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.

The current leader's answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.301609277",
      "y": "0.919121102"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.580965685",
      "y": "0.919121102"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.860322094",
      "y": "0.919121102"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.080878898",
      "y": "0.860322094"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.441287779",
      "y": "0.838242204"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.720644188",
      "y": "0.838242204"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.161757796",
      "y": "0.720644188"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.919121102",
      "y": "0.698390723"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.228942858",
      "x": "0.375887130",
      "y": "0.670975878"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.651787488",
      "y": "0.676750757"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.307731406",
      "x": "0.509366278",
      "y": "0.580231013"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.080878898",
      "y": "0.580965685"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.838242204",
      "y": "0.558712221"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.161757796",
      "y": "0.441287779"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.919121102",
      "y": "0.419034315"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.228942858",
      "x": "0.490633722",
      "y": "0.419768987"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.307731406",
      "x": "0.624112870",
      "y": "0.329024122"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.348212512",
      "y": "0.323249243"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.080878898",
      "y": "0.301609277"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.838242204",
      "y": "0.279355812"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.919121102",
      "y": "0.139677906"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.279355812",
      "y": "0.161757796"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.558712221",
      "y": "0.161757796"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.139677906",
      "y": "0.080878898"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.419034315",
      "y": "0.080878898"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.698390723",
      "y": "0.080878898"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.161404192"
}
Submission format and technical detailsOpen this when you are ready to prepare a JSON answer+

Instance parameters

{
  "n": 26,
  "sides": 5
}

The current leader's answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.301609277",
      "y": "0.919121102"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.580965685",
      "y": "0.919121102"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.860322094",
      "y": "0.919121102"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.080878898",
      "y": "0.860322094"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.441287779",
      "y": "0.838242204"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.720644188",
      "y": "0.838242204"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.161757796",
      "y": "0.720644188"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.919121102",
      "y": "0.698390723"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.228942858",
      "x": "0.375887130",
      "y": "0.670975878"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.651787488",
      "y": "0.676750757"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.307731406",
      "x": "0.509366278",
      "y": "0.580231013"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.080878898",
      "y": "0.580965685"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.838242204",
      "y": "0.558712221"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.161757796",
      "y": "0.441287779"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.919121102",
      "y": "0.419034315"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.228942858",
      "x": "0.490633722",
      "y": "0.419768987"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.307731406",
      "x": "0.624112870",
      "y": "0.329024122"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.348212512",
      "y": "0.323249243"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.080878898",
      "y": "0.301609277"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000632658",
      "x": "0.838242204",
      "y": "0.279355812"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.576507034",
      "x": "0.919121102",
      "y": "0.139677906"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.279355812",
      "y": "0.161757796"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.268627388",
      "x": "0.558712221",
      "y": "0.161757796"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.139677906",
      "y": "0.080878898"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.419034315",
      "y": "0.080878898"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267271227",
      "x": "0.698390723",
      "y": "0.080878898"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.161404192"
}

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4. · Verifier v1.0.0

DISCUSSION

Discussion

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