P83 · Packing and covering · Classic · Hard

Equilateral triangles in a square · n = 27

Pack n unit-side equilateral triangles into a square. Contact is allowed; interiors cannot overlap. Minimise the container square side.

Instancen = 27
ObjectiveMinimize container square side

Record comparison

container square side · Lower is better
RecordValue / intervalAuthor / holderSource
External best known[3.6726, 3.6727)27. Found by Ian WatsonErich Friedman ↗
Site recordNo player record yet——

Formal definition

  • ContainerThe editor and certificate normalise the container to the unit square [0,1]², while public scores are reported in the literature's unit-piece scale. Boundary contact is allowed.
  • SubmissionSubmit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.
  • ConstraintsExactly n congruent pieces lie wholly inside the container with pairwise disjoint interiors. Polygons may rotate independently by arbitrary angles.
  • PrecisionInput decimals are parsed as exact rationals and regular-polygon vertices are defined algebraically, with zero floating-point tolerance in feasibility checks.
  • ObjectiveContainer square side = 1/(2 sin(π/3) r), where smaller is better. Pages, leaderboards, and literature records share this unit with automatic conversion.
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Layout shown: starter layout

VERIFIED CONSTRUCTIONVERIFIED CONSTRUCTION

Getting a feel for it

Literature targets and coordinate certificates

Literature targets are converted at their published precision, while nine-decimal coordinate certificates are stored and displayed alongside the source values.

Source
The current arrangement for Equilateral triangles in a square n = 27
LAYOUT & HISTORY

Starter layout

Inspect the layout, solver notes and record history.

Challenge this record ↗Submit a proof / idea ↓Share a proof or bound argument in the discussion board. Accepted contributions earn proof points.
ANSWER FORMAT

How to write your answer

the unit square [0,1]²

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.

Starter answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.276183091",
      "y": "0.921398404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.548467008",
      "y": "0.921398404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.820750925",
      "y": "0.921398404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.412325049",
      "y": "0.842796807"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.684608967",
      "y": "0.842796807"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.078601596",
      "y": "0.834132480"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.411941066",
      "x": "0.888409818",
      "y": "0.720787979"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577350269",
      "x": "0.157203193",
      "y": "0.697990521"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.314406386",
      "y": "0.651365675"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.542609375",
      "y": "0.685593614"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.653570700",
      "y": "0.563377880"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.078601596",
      "y": "0.561848562"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.133627905",
      "x": "0.848312488",
      "y": "0.568784531"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577350269",
      "x": "0.393007982",
      "y": "0.515223716"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577350269",
      "x": "0.157203193",
      "y": "0.425706604"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.529774025",
      "x": "0.911699891",
      "y": "0.392033450"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.000000000",
      "x": "0.314406386",
      "y": "0.379081758"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.653570700",
      "y": "0.406174687"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.525030541",
      "y": "0.314406386"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.078601596",
      "y": "0.289564645"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.036432739",
      "x": "0.823399782",
      "y": "0.260122545"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.529774025",
      "x": "0.911699891",
      "y": "0.130061272"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.278831947",
      "y": "0.157203193"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.551115864",
      "y": "0.157203193"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.414973906",
      "y": "0.078601596"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.687257823",
      "y": "0.078601596"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.142689988",
      "y": "0.078601596"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.157203191"
}
Submission format and technical detailsOpen this when you are ready to prepare a JSON answer+

Instance parameters

{
  "n": 27,
  "sides": 5
}

Starter answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.276183091",
      "y": "0.921398404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.548467008",
      "y": "0.921398404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.820750925",
      "y": "0.921398404"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.412325049",
      "y": "0.842796807"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.684608967",
      "y": "0.842796807"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.078601596",
      "y": "0.834132480"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.411941066",
      "x": "0.888409818",
      "y": "0.720787979"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577350269",
      "x": "0.157203193",
      "y": "0.697990521"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.314406386",
      "y": "0.651365675"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.542609375",
      "y": "0.685593614"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.653570700",
      "y": "0.563377880"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.078601596",
      "y": "0.561848562"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.133627905",
      "x": "0.848312488",
      "y": "0.568784531"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577350269",
      "x": "0.393007982",
      "y": "0.515223716"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577350269",
      "x": "0.157203193",
      "y": "0.425706604"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.529774025",
      "x": "0.911699891",
      "y": "0.392033450"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.000000000",
      "x": "0.314406386",
      "y": "0.379081758"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.653570700",
      "y": "0.406174687"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.525030541",
      "y": "0.314406386"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.000000000",
      "x": "0.078601596",
      "y": "0.289564645"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.036432739",
      "x": "0.823399782",
      "y": "0.260122545"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.529774025",
      "x": "0.911699891",
      "y": "0.130061272"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.278831947",
      "y": "0.157203193"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267949192",
      "x": "0.551115864",
      "y": "0.157203193"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.414973906",
      "y": "0.078601596"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.687257823",
      "y": "0.078601596"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.267949192",
      "x": "0.142689988",
      "y": "0.078601596"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.157203191"
}

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4. · Verifier v1.0.0

DISCUSSION

Discussion

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