P82 · Packing and covering · Classic · Hard

Equal circles in regular polygons · m = 5 · n = 21

Pack n equal circles into the regular m-gon with centre (1,1), circumradius 1, and first vertex (2,1) so as to maximise their common radius.

Instancem = 5 · n = 21
ObjectiveMaximize circle radius

Record comparison

circle radius · Higher is better
RecordValue / intervalAuthor / holderSource
External best known[0.165404018639, 0.165404018641]Paolo AmorePackomania ↗
Site recordNo player record yet——

Formal definition

  • ContainerThe editor and certificate normalise the container to the exact regular m-gon with centre (1,1), circumradius 1, and first vertex (2,1), while public scores follow the literature convention. Boundary contact is allowed.
  • SubmissionSubmit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.
  • ConstraintsExactly n congruent pieces lie wholly inside the container with pairwise disjoint interiors. Polygons may rotate independently by arbitrary angles.
  • PrecisionInput decimals are parsed as exact rationals and regular-polygon vertices are defined algebraically, with zero floating-point tolerance in feasibility checks.
  • ObjectiveMaximise the circle radius r (with container circumradius fixed at 1).
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Layout shown: starter layout

VERIFIED CONSTRUCTIONVERIFIED CONSTRUCTION

Getting a feel for it

Literature targets and coordinate certificates

Literature targets are converted at their published precision, while nine-decimal coordinate certificates are stored and displayed alongside the source values. Pentagon and hexagon rows n = 41–100 and octagon rows n = 41–48 cite Packomania's value and author without importing its coordinates; they start from an ordinary site grid baseline.

Source
The current arrangement for Equal circles in regular polygons m = 5 · n = 21
LAYOUT & HISTORY

Starter layout

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ANSWER FORMAT

How to write your answer

the regular m-gon with centre (1,1), circumradius 1, and first vertex (2,1)

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.

Starter answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.356387024",
      "y": "1.467612198"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.356387024",
      "y": "0.863195839"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.356387024",
      "y": "0.532387802"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.490938775",
      "y": "1.165404019"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.671004164",
      "y": "1.569837504"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.685382861",
      "y": "0.897774695"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.685382861",
      "y": "0.566966657"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.805555914",
      "y": "1.267629324"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.931221142",
      "y": "0.345612875"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "1.535258648"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "1.000000000"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "0.669191963"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.194444086",
      "y": "1.267629324"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.245838281",
      "y": "1.756612431"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.245838281",
      "y": "0.243387569"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.314617139",
      "y": "0.897774695"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.314617139",
      "y": "0.566966657"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.440282367",
      "y": "1.488983107"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.509061225",
      "y": "1.165404019"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.601105304",
      "y": "0.732370676"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.795549389",
      "y": "1.000000000"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.165404018"
}
Submission format and technical detailsOpen this when you are ready to prepare a JSON answer+

Instance parameters

{
  "n": 21,
  "sides": 5
}

Starter answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.356387024",
      "y": "1.467612198"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.356387024",
      "y": "0.863195839"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.356387024",
      "y": "0.532387802"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.490938775",
      "y": "1.165404019"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.671004164",
      "y": "1.569837504"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.685382861",
      "y": "0.897774695"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.685382861",
      "y": "0.566966657"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.805555914",
      "y": "1.267629324"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.931221142",
      "y": "0.345612875"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "1.535258648"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "1.000000000"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "0.669191963"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.194444086",
      "y": "1.267629324"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.245838281",
      "y": "1.756612431"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.245838281",
      "y": "0.243387569"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.314617139",
      "y": "0.897774695"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.314617139",
      "y": "0.566966657"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.440282367",
      "y": "1.488983107"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.509061225",
      "y": "1.165404019"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.601105304",
      "y": "0.732370676"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.795549389",
      "y": "1.000000000"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.165404018"
}

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4. · Verifier v1.0.0

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