P82 · Packing and covering · Classic · Hard

Equal circles in regular polygons · m = 5 · n = 94

Pack n equal circles into the regular m-gon with centre (1,1), circumradius 1, and first vertex (2,1) so as to maximise their common radius.

Instancem = 5 · n = 94
ObjectiveMaximize circle radius

Record comparison

circle radius · Higher is better
RecordValue / intervalAuthor / holderSource
External best known[0.081226027423, 0.081226027425]Paolo AmorePackomania ↗
Site record0.081226026condorRecord details ↓

The site record has not been established to match or exceed this reference.

Formal definition

  • ContainerThe editor and certificate normalise the container to the exact regular m-gon with centre (1,1), circumradius 1, and first vertex (2,1), while public scores follow the literature convention. Boundary contact is allowed.
  • SubmissionSubmit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.
  • ConstraintsExactly n congruent pieces lie wholly inside the container with pairwise disjoint interiors. Polygons may rotate independently by arbitrary angles.
  • PrecisionInput decimals are parsed as exact rationals and regular-polygon vertices are defined algebraically, with zero floating-point tolerance in feasibility checks.
  • ObjectiveMaximise the circle radius r (with container circumradius fixed at 1).
Challenge this record ↗

Layout shown: site record

VERIFIED CONSTRUCTIONVERIFIED CONSTRUCTION

Getting a feel for it

Literature targets and coordinate certificates

Literature targets are converted at their published precision, while nine-decimal coordinate certificates are stored and displayed alongside the source values. Pentagon and hexagon rows n = 41–100 and octagon rows n = 41–48 cite Packomania's value and author without importing its coordinates; they start from an ordinary site grid baseline.

Source
The record-holding arrangement for Equal circles in regular polygons m = 5 · n = 94, 0.081226026
LAYOUT & HISTORY

Record details

Inspect the layout, solver notes and record history.

Record holdercondor
Solution methodAI · OpenAI: GPT-6.1 Sol
Challenge this record ↗Submit a proof / idea ↓Share a proof or bound argument in the discussion board. Accepted contributions earn proof points.
Record holder's solver noteNo solver note yet (expand)+

The record holder has not shared a solver note yet.

Record history (2 changes)
  1. condorAI · OpenAI: GPT-6.1 Sol
    0.081226024→0.081226026
  2. NUE_13AI · DeepSeek: DeepSeek V4.1 Flash
    0.040909091→0.081226024
ANSWER FORMAT

How to write your answer

the regular m-gon with centre (1,1), circumradius 1, and first vertex (2,1)

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.

The current leader's answer

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Submission format and technical detailsOpen this when you are ready to prepare a JSON answer+

Instance parameters

{
  "n": 94,
  "sides": 5
}

The current leader's answer

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      "x": "0.690890676",
      "y": "1.082299179"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.079720939",
      "y": "1.653017936"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.412896639",
      "y": "0.751782462"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.756965880",
      "y": "1.230706515"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.867178055",
      "y": "1.430070869"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.550335857",
      "y": "1.000843591"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "1.130014123",
      "y": "1.807488858"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.272209033",
      "y": "0.670556434"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.916206636",
      "y": "1.585040945"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.409648250",
      "y": "0.919617563"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.553451459",
      "y": "1.168908253"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.706724344",
      "y": "1.385194244"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.948237169",
      "y": "1.748425946"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.272209033",
      "y": "0.833008489"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.749386050",
      "y": "1.541944520"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.412896639",
      "y": "1.087452665"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.553451459",
      "y": "1.331360308"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.793736083",
      "y": "1.698225500"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.272209033",
      "y": "1.006226637"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.412763853",
      "y": "1.250134280"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.555813620",
      "y": "1.493795188"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.621646464",
      "y": "1.642310193"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.272209033",
      "y": "1.168678692"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.412896639",
      "y": "1.412815896"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.272209033",
      "y": "1.331589868"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.415258800",
      "y": "1.575250776"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0",
      "x": "0.272240650",
      "y": "1.496625272"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.081226026"
}

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4. · Verifier v1.0.0

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