P84 · Packing and covering · Classic · Hard

Equilateral triangles in a disc · n = 19

Pack n unit-side equilateral triangles into a disc. Contact is allowed; interiors cannot overlap. Minimise the container circle radius.

Instancen = 19
ObjectiveMinimize container circle radius

Record comparison

container circle radius · Lower is better
RecordValue / intervalAuthor / holderSource
External best known[1.825, 1.826)Haym HirshErich Friedman ↗
Site recordNo player record yet——

Formal definition

  • ContainerThe editor and certificate normalise the container to the closed unit disc centred at (1,1), while public scores are reported in the literature's unit-piece scale. Boundary contact is allowed.
  • SubmissionSubmit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.
  • ConstraintsExactly n congruent pieces lie wholly inside the container with pairwise disjoint interiors. Polygons may rotate independently by arbitrary angles.
  • PrecisionInput decimals are parsed as exact rationals and regular-polygon vertices are defined algebraically, with zero floating-point tolerance in feasibility checks.
  • ObjectiveContainer circle radius = 1/(2 sin(π/3) r), where smaller is better. Pages, leaderboards, and literature records share this unit with automatic conversion.
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Layout shown: starter layout

VERIFIED CONSTRUCTIONVERIFIED CONSTRUCTION

Getting a feel for it

Literature targets and coordinate certificates

Literature targets are converted at their published precision, while nine-decimal coordinate certificates are stored and displayed alongside the source values.

Source
The current arrangement for Equilateral triangles in a disc n = 19
LAYOUT & HISTORY

Starter layout

Inspect the layout, solver notes and record history.

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ANSWER FORMAT

How to write your answer

the closed unit disc centred at (1,1)

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4.

Starter answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.042657193",
      "y": "1.790553783"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.316460312",
      "y": "1.632339206"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.610608340",
      "y": "1.590232272"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.336688938",
      "y": "1.432219104"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.884411458",
      "y": "1.432017695"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.705968255",
      "y": "1.358334678"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.316344028",
      "y": "1.316111461"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.568067430",
      "y": "1.115906234"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.705851972",
      "y": "1.042106934"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577595442",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "1.000000000"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.294148028",
      "y": "0.957893066"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.431932570",
      "y": "0.884093766"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.683655972",
      "y": "0.683888539"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.294031745",
      "y": "0.641665322"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.663311062",
      "y": "0.567780896"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.115588542",
      "y": "0.567982305"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.389391660",
      "y": "0.409767728"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.683539688",
      "y": "0.367660794"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.957342807",
      "y": "0.209446217"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.316227765"
}
Submission format and technical detailsOpen this when you are ready to prepare a JSON answer+

Instance parameters

{
  "n": 19,
  "sides": 5
}

Starter answer

{
  "placements": [
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.042657193",
      "y": "1.790553783"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.316460312",
      "y": "1.632339206"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.610608340",
      "y": "1.590232272"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.336688938",
      "y": "1.432219104"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.884411458",
      "y": "1.432017695"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.705968255",
      "y": "1.358334678"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.316344028",
      "y": "1.316111461"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.568067430",
      "y": "1.115906234"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.705851972",
      "y": "1.042106934"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.577595442",
      "x": "1.000000000",
      "y": "1.000000000"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.294148028",
      "y": "0.957893066"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.431932570",
      "y": "0.884093766"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.683655972",
      "y": "0.683888539"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.294031745",
      "y": "0.641665322"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.663311062",
      "y": "0.567780896"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "1.115588542",
      "y": "0.567982305"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "1.389391660",
      "y": "0.409767728"
    },
    {
      "turn": "0.267752141",
      "x": "0.683539688",
      "y": "0.367660794"
    },
    {
      "turn": "-0.268146263",
      "x": "0.957342807",
      "y": "0.209446217"
    }
  ],
  "radius": "0.316227765"
}

Submit {radius, placements:[{x,y,turn},…]}, with each value written as a decimal string of at most nine places. Here x, y are centre coordinates; circles require turn = 0 and polygons use turn = tan(θ/2). Coordinates and turn must lie in [−4, 4], with 0 < radius ≤ 4. · Verifier v1.0.0

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