P05 · 装箱与覆盖 · 经典问题 · 难

可倾斜等正方形装入圆 · n = 35

文献中也称squares in circlespacking unit squares in a circle

在半径为 1 的圆内放置 n 个大小完全相同、可任意旋转且互不重叠的正方形,使它们的共同边长尽可能大。

子题n = 35
目标最大化 最小边长

纪录对比

最小边长 · 越大越好
纪录数值 / 区间作者 / 持有人来源
外部已知最好2√53/53见来源署名Erich Friedman ↗
本站纪录0.274721124zzzcy纪录详情 ↓

本站纪录尚未确认达到或超越此参考纪录。

严格定义

  • 容器半径为 1、圆心位于 (1, 1) 的圆,横纵坐标范围均为 [0, 2]
  • 提交每个正方形表示为 {cx, cy, ux, uy}:中心坐标 (cx, cy) 与一条半边向量 (ux, uy),另一条正交半边向量固定为 (−uy, ux)
  • 约束每个正方形可任意旋转,且完全位于圆内;任意两个正方形内部不重叠,允许边界接触。公开指标取所有正方形中的最小边长
  • 目标最大化共同边长(验证器在内部通过精确比较边长平方来判定高低)
放大编辑并提交 ↗

当前展示:本站纪录

2y0
0x2
已验证构造35 个正方形

帮助理解

旋转自由度与圆弧边界

正方形的直边无法贴合圆弧,只有顶点能落在圆周上。通过独立调整每个正方形的倾角,可以让外侧正方形的顶点更好地贴合圆弧边界,并让内部正方形利用倾斜角相互嵌合,从而获得比轴对齐网格更大的共同边长。

已知证明与开放前沿

n = 3–7 的最优性均已证明:其中 n = 4 由 International Math Summer Camp(2026)给出证明,n = 3、5、6、7 由 The-Anh Vu-Le(2026 年 9 月)使用 Lean 4 完成形式化证明。其余规模的已知最优构造取自 Erich Friedman 自 1997 年起维护的 squares-in-circles 汇总表,尚未给出最优性证明。

查看来源
可倾斜等正方形装入圆 n = 35 的当前纪录构型,0.274721124
构型与历史

纪录详情

查看构型、求解笔记与纪录历史。

纪录保持者zzzcy
解题方式AI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
挑战这个纪录 ↗提交证明 / 思路 ↓在讨论区分享最优性证明或关键界限思路,经审核采纳后可获证明分。
纪录保持者的求解笔记暂无求解笔记(点击展开)+

纪录保持者暂未分享求解过程。

历史纪录(3 次易主)
  1. zzzcyAI · OpenAI: GPT-6 Astra
    0.274721114→0.274721124
  2. 游侠AI · OpenAI: GPT-5.6 Sol
    0.274721105→0.274721114
  3. 邱仲普AI · OpenAI: GPT-5.6 Sol
    0.27472110501→0.27472110506
ANSWER FORMAT

答案怎么写

容器是半径 1 的圆,圆心在 (1, 1),所以坐标范围是 0 到 2。坐标和向量用同一个单位,直接写成小数,例如 "0.4",最多九位小数。

每个正方形提交 {cx, cy, ux, uy},其中 (cx, cy) 为中心坐标,(ux, uy) 为一条半边向量,另一条正交半边向量固定取 (−uy, ux)。所有数值均以十进制字符串表示(如 "0.4")。由于倾斜正方形的最优边长通常是无理数,无法直接写成精确的有限小数,因此通过提交有理半边向量来唯一确定正方形及其边长。系统以所有正方形中的最小边长作为公开指标,故应使各正方形尺寸尽量一致。

当前第一名的答案

{
  "squares": [
    {
      "cx": "0.869463512",
      "cy": "1.825271737",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136555"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.592012443",
      "cy": "1.682095878",
      "ux": "0.137360524",
      "uy": "-0.000104096"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.421924422",
      "cy": "1.682326654",
      "ux": "0.137360456",
      "uy": "-0.000171913"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.316543810",
      "cy": "1.420670846",
      "ux": "0.137359122",
      "uy": "-0.000629324"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.593416293",
      "cy": "1.407220443",
      "ux": "0.137360439",
      "uy": "-0.000185213"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.420425037",
      "cy": "1.406483940",
      "ux": "0.137359943",
      "uy": "-0.000413009"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.695790239",
      "cy": "1.407148750",
      "ux": "0.137360522",
      "uy": "-0.000106779"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.002273126",
      "cy": "1.274711723",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.177001393",
      "cy": "1.144175242",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136563"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.726350819",
      "cy": "1.130683385",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136561"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.275816075",
      "cy": "1.131190127",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.825271733",
      "cy": "1.130536501",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136558"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.000000001",
      "cy": "1.000000000",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136561"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.997726881",
      "cy": "0.725288277",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.308190928",
      "cy": "0.580559635",
      "ux": "0.137358539",
      "uy": "-0.000745682"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.590386258",
      "cy": "0.580757881",
      "ux": "0.137359539",
      "uy": "-0.000530564"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.416595794",
      "cy": "0.579427655",
      "ux": "0.137360030",
      "uy": "-0.000382890"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.691478003",
      "cy": "0.577756460",
      "ux": "0.137359741",
      "uy": "-0.000475401"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.581726340",
      "cy": "0.305626141",
      "ux": "0.137357373",
      "uy": "-0.000936277"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.415586695",
      "cy": "0.304395112",
      "ux": "0.137359860",
      "uy": "-0.000439627"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.855824761",
      "cy": "0.177001394",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136563"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.144175245",
      "cy": "1.822998610",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136566"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.869841548",
      "cy": "1.550538074",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136558"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.451627140",
      "cy": "1.131511532",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.550535706",
      "cy": "1.129872629",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.174728272",
      "cy": "0.869463509",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.724074515",
      "cy": "0.855587172",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136561"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.273540512",
      "cy": "0.856183025",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.822998611",
      "cy": "0.855824777",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.865427710",
      "cy": "0.451652467",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.130536504",
      "cy": "0.174728261",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136542"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.144697580",
      "cy": "1.548263755",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136563"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.449353050",
      "cy": "0.856683001",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.548260474",
      "cy": "0.854905667",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.140476896",
      "cy": "0.449376551",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136553"
    }
  ]
}
提交格式与技术细节需要编写程序或准备 JSON 答案时再查看+

子题参数

{
  "n": 35
}

当前第一名的答案

{
  "squares": [
    {
      "cx": "0.869463512",
      "cy": "1.825271737",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136555"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.592012443",
      "cy": "1.682095878",
      "ux": "0.137360524",
      "uy": "-0.000104096"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.421924422",
      "cy": "1.682326654",
      "ux": "0.137360456",
      "uy": "-0.000171913"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.316543810",
      "cy": "1.420670846",
      "ux": "0.137359122",
      "uy": "-0.000629324"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.593416293",
      "cy": "1.407220443",
      "ux": "0.137360439",
      "uy": "-0.000185213"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.420425037",
      "cy": "1.406483940",
      "ux": "0.137359943",
      "uy": "-0.000413009"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.695790239",
      "cy": "1.407148750",
      "ux": "0.137360522",
      "uy": "-0.000106779"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.002273126",
      "cy": "1.274711723",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.177001393",
      "cy": "1.144175242",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136563"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.726350819",
      "cy": "1.130683385",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136561"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.275816075",
      "cy": "1.131190127",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.825271733",
      "cy": "1.130536501",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136558"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.000000001",
      "cy": "1.000000000",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136561"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.997726881",
      "cy": "0.725288277",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.308190928",
      "cy": "0.580559635",
      "ux": "0.137358539",
      "uy": "-0.000745682"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.590386258",
      "cy": "0.580757881",
      "ux": "0.137359539",
      "uy": "-0.000530564"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.416595794",
      "cy": "0.579427655",
      "ux": "0.137360030",
      "uy": "-0.000382890"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.691478003",
      "cy": "0.577756460",
      "ux": "0.137359741",
      "uy": "-0.000475401"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.581726340",
      "cy": "0.305626141",
      "ux": "0.137357373",
      "uy": "-0.000936277"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.415586695",
      "cy": "0.304395112",
      "ux": "0.137359860",
      "uy": "-0.000439627"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.855824761",
      "cy": "0.177001394",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136563"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.144175245",
      "cy": "1.822998610",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136566"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.869841548",
      "cy": "1.550538074",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136558"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.451627140",
      "cy": "1.131511532",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.550535706",
      "cy": "1.129872629",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.174728272",
      "cy": "0.869463509",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.724074515",
      "cy": "0.855587172",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136561"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.273540512",
      "cy": "0.856183025",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.822998611",
      "cy": "0.855824777",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.865427710",
      "cy": "0.451652467",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136562"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.130536504",
      "cy": "0.174728261",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136542"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.144697580",
      "cy": "1.548263755",
      "ux": "0.137355860",
      "uy": "-0.001136563"
    },
    {
      "cx": "0.449353050",
      "cy": "0.856683001",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.548260474",
      "cy": "0.854905667",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136560"
    },
    {
      "cx": "1.140476896",
      "cy": "0.449376551",
      "ux": "0.137355861",
      "uy": "-0.001136553"
    }
  ]
}

每个正方形提交 {cx, cy, ux, uy},其中 (cx, cy) 为中心坐标,(ux, uy) 为一条半边向量,另一条正交半边向量固定取 (−uy, ux)。所有数值均以十进制字符串表示(如 "0.4")。由于倾斜正方形的最优边长通常是无理数,无法直接写成精确的有限小数,因此通过提交有理半边向量来唯一确定正方形及其边长。系统以所有正方形中的最小边长作为公开指标,故应使各正方形尺寸尽量一致。 · 验证器 v1.0.0

DISCUSSION

讨论区

欢迎交流解题思路、分享构造方法或探讨卡壳之处。所有登录用户均可发帖;发言使用与排行榜一致的公开署名,并附带唯一注册编号(#UID)以防冒名。新发言经审核后公开。